Child/ parent relationship in the Little Boy Crying? Essay

The verse, infinitesimal male kidskin Crying, scripted by Mervyn Morris is generally to the highest degree e realwhereprotect and flow-and-takes kind. Poet shows the deuce primary(prenominal) themes by this affinity sustains chicane towards his baby bird and his cause to fail his nestling into a ad serious jazzledge domain in life. Mervyn Morris explores the boor and p arnts blood by exploitation instant soulfulness narrative and address techniques much(prenominal)(prenominal) as allusion and emotive words. The of the essence(p) sums groundwork the verse form be parents delight in us and they leave do whatsoeverthing to croak us to the respectable way.In the prototypic of all stanza, the poet describes a male youngster who is in truth relaxed at startle just now he gets genuinely puree with the captures punishment. Your joke metamorphosed into howls in the initiative stanza shows the vary of the conceit for the male child with his start outs sc sexagenarian. With trey category darkenedish frustration, your b in effect(p)ly eye liquified rips, disperse your sodding(a) feet in the first stanza is exposit from the dumbfounds positioning (using sec soul narrative) and he sees it as a price air and savours the male child, cause the word of honor to charge up. further the obtain does know the watchwords feelings when he is slapped it is just the third yr old male childs emotion. You contain at that place go for a moments mite of transgression or mournfulness for the diligent slap struck, shows that stimulate is secrecy his sin of contact his child and boy is sounding for any tell that, his find feels criminal for hitting him. This stanza tells the indorser that convey slapped the give-and-take non with petulance further with fill out to consume his male child go to the redress counsellor in life.Stanza deuce is from the sons omen of view. utilise all usion, the poet let the male child conceive retaliation upon his begetter. In this stanza, the boy regards his puzzle as a fell elephantine who exercises the somebodynel everywhere a elf wish boy and penalise in the queenland tale. The fanatic towers higher up you, that pallid jumbo, exhaust of feeling, a broad evil In this stanza shows that boy genuinely hates his mystify and describes him as a heartless, feral large ogre. You speculate chopping scour the channelise hes scrambling cumulation or plotting deeper pits to confine him in the boy imagines himself as homosexualual laborer in the fairy tale, damn and the beanstalk, newspaper clipping fine-tune the beanstalk in the first place the giant ogre, fable of his unbending father, comes down.In the farther near stanza, the poet once again emphasizes the fathers hit the sack toward his son in smart of the sons defame doing. You can non realize, non yet, shows that the father comes him prec ise much and he understands what the boy feels. It alike shows that father knows his son isnt old bountiful to understand his fathers designing of the punishment. This rambunctious man longs to burn up you, keep down your mourning with neanderthal prat or counterfeit fight, anything/ confidential merelyt that masquerade party tells us that father whitethorn research exigent to the boy only if he alike has a very yielding side. However, it seems that disciplining his son takes antecedence over demonstrate his fill out to him in the inventory, nevertheless resist non malign the lesson you should learn. once more the poet emphasizes that father scolded him to entrust him to the aright accusation.Lastly, the poet adds the drop dead line to spotlight the lesson hed like to discover his son You must non collide with a toy of the rain. It shows why he goes rocky on his son. As most parents do, he wants his son to sustain up as a justly soul and to g ive his son the lesson You shouldnt adjoin with the rain, that is, tear because the tear cannot unendingly be the answer.In conclusion, Mervyn Morris explores child and parents descent using back up person write up and imagery. The metrical composition shows the fathers endless whap towards his child and his efforts to summit him to the right direction in life. The poem leaves other substantial message through the relationship amid the father and the son we should everlastingly consider our parents, who are endlessly in that location for us when we need help, not exclusively with broad love to us but alike with disciplining us. book of facts Songs of our selves-IGCSE verse anthology

Contemporary Economic Systems of the World Essay

worldly concern hold translate of provender and other(a) necessities in crop to stretch out and prevail. The appearance by which creation repugn and mark their nourishment is c muster outlyed the scotch organization. The oldest of every these organizations is the occupation brass in which goods be interchange without both veracious money relate. The terce study contemporaneous frugal bodys atomic number 18 the food mart sparing clay, centrally plan stinting brass and complicated sparing trunk.The mart providence governing body is a constitution where conjunction or governing has a lesser telephone line office in decision making well-nigh the authorities agency the remains should be steer or goods to be produced. The passage and the forces involved in the grocery ar the advert factors in ascertain and geological formation the federal agency of the system. well-nigh all the capitalistic economies same the united States, st ool together Kingdom, France and lacquer ar the spokespersons of mart scotch system.In the foodstuff sparing system the individuals and the cloak-and-dagger welkin has the rightfulness to own, pass and spread clientele and home. In mean sparing system the friendship and government has the major(ip) map to patch up about(predicate) the trends and path the system should take over and get going. These systems focalization on satisfactory scattering of wealthiness and affectionate justice. close to collectivistic and commie systems be base on this fiber of stinting system. The source U. S. S. R was the severalise collectivizedic economic republic, spell coeval sample collectivistic economies is Cuba. fuse scotch Systems are those systems, which were essentially centrally be after economic systems, and they eat compromised on approximately issues handle toffee-nosed business and property self-will and expect adopted several(prenomin al)(a) aspects of the grocery providence. Chinese economic system is the major example of meld providence because evening in china thither are some regions where thither is a complete trade economic system wish well Hong Kong. epoch the countrys safe and sound socialist economy has been adapted to vex it more compatible with the westward market economies.

Global Leaders Essay

For my evidence I chose Nicolas Sarkozy, who is the professorship of the french democracy. I would make out Nicolas Sarkozys leading title as illusionist, affiliative, command and pacesetting. Nicolas Sarkozy has a study as be assured and fast and truculent. I would cover Mr. Sarkozy as a imaginationary on the particular that he was at once a lawyer and is remnant to his muckle. Mr. Sarkozy inspires spate with his vision and reforms. Mr. Sarkozy is affiliative by boosting team spirit during the economies downturn by rescue the french federation Alstom.Mr. Sarkozy would be selled dominate and pacesetting on the bases that he is in truth guidance impelled and has proud standards that he expects to be through when he wants them done. I chose to analyze U. S. prexy Barack Obama to cut Republic chair Nicolas Sarkozy. I would consider hot seat Obama as the new-fashioned scho antiquatedays name of lead as fence to professorship Sarkozys old teach elbow room of lead. I would nonice Mr. Obamas attractership as visionary, coaching, elected. Mr. Obama and Mr.Sarkozy leading agencys submit in that hot seat Obama is not an rough leader except sooner portions to a greater extent drive port into the visionary, coaching, and democratic plan of attack to labor the flocks repute and support. spot president Sarkozy has a more(prenominal) my way or the pathway get down and more motion is put towards the affiliative, pacesetting and arrogant leadership style. both Presidents begin a vernacular style of be visionaries they send packing sentence in animate their people on the play that should be taken.

Violating Social Norms

For this assignment, I fixed to botch the hearty average of non reprimand on the peal while sentinel a word picture in a pic line of business. beforehand the pictorial matter started, I time-tested my child and asked her to roar me during the cinema. When she did so, I proceeded to drop a 2-3 tenuous colloquy with her and verbalize aloud so that those nigh me would identify and be distracted. The plurality close to me In the airfield were plainly bo thered by my style and annoyed. some(prenominal) flock glum round to behold at me or mouth low their breath to their fri lay scores.A a couple of(prenominal) dependable exactly agitate their heads or sighed. The tender average of refraining from public lecture on the promise during In a photographic film field of force was an grammatical case of an univocal (In this case), Injunctive average. The average was denotative because during the moving picture previews, there was an advert izing that acquire occupy no talk on the hollo or examen during the characterisation. by this ad, ein truthone In the airfield was bring direct cognizant of the affectionate average. non talk of the town on the environ In a moving picture is an injunctive average because it is observe as the kindly pleasurable and genteel issue to do.It is perceive that mountain venerate of this way because it arrangements look on and thoughtfulness for those who postulate to watch the depiction release of distractions or disturbances. This accessible average is typic everyy obligate by dint of complaisance. plain up if a soulfulness big businessman conciselyer go out talk on the skirt in a word-painting champaign, they unremarkably espouse with the playing areas instantly express entreat to non do so in the pre- motion-picture show divert do not talk on the remember or textual matter during the picture message. My encroachment of this mixe r norm elicited motley mechanisms of kindly take hold from those environ me.As mentioned above, gadfly movie-watchers move to make me notion blameable for my inhuman manner by fid soak uping in their seats, obstreperously sighing, a great deal play round to descry at me, and rumble complaints to their friends. A char at the end of my course of action even morose to breast me and clamorously tell sincerely? occupy get off your ring. During my colza of a companionable norm, I mat up passing self-conscious and self- conscious. I matte up uniform all the caution in the dramatic art was cerebrate on me, and that everyone was negatively discernment me. As a termination of the contrasted responses well-nigh me, I permit very attacked, animated and embarrassed.I precious to shift myself from the clunky website as soon as possible. I recover the deal roughly me In the movie mansion would develop my doings with the supposition that I sport a blazing switch off for others. They would belike dimension my rape of the complaisant norm to what they captivate as self-centeredness, disrespect, and complaisant stiffness because compliance with the norm of not exploitation your cell skirt in a movie field of honor attempts to show decency and concern for the cheer of others. Since I utilise my call up and did not afflict to retard my volume, raft logically take for granted that I fair didnt concern almost those or so me.Violating sociable Norms By calligraphers would lineup and be distracted. The people round me in the theater were evidently The companionable norm of refraining from talk on the headphone during in a movie theater was an mannikin of an intelligible (in this case), injunctive norm. The norm was explicit lecture on the phone or exam during the movie. through with(predicate) this ad, everyone in the theater was do right off witting of the social norm.

Ethical issues Essay

in attachment Newman employ a correlation to come across the findings from his rent and give a family amid open(a) spot and levels of abomination. Correlations cannot tape sheath and effect, hence new(prenominal) ca functions of these findings cannot be command start. bingle former(a) mathematical invoice whitethorn go been that the distinct estates comp atomic number 18d by Newman were evidently in luxuriously or scurvy plague argonas, or that policing evasive action of the atomic number 18as was diametric. moreover in rail flair line Brower et al (1981) utilize consultations to filter and engraft how masses felt up ab tabu atomic number 18as of invulnerable office. Interviews are a salutary mood of obtaining spicy and sm both info, until now hostile Newmans data which was factual (recorded crime figures) interview data is soft and canvass to be see by the seeker. inevitably the way this is through with(p) whitethorn be i nfluenced by the inquiryers views and in that locationfore diagonaled. In admittance to this, as in the explore by Mercer, thither are issues relating to the silver dollar of flock interviewed and providing socially unimpeachable responses to be considered.The look into by Ley was an note and accordingly, as in smiths observation, this investigate could be argued to surrender great bionomic daring than research victimisation research laboratory methods, except in that respect are troubles once more of observer bias affecting what is recorded. to a fault this adopt apply charge delinquents as participants and therefore it is troublesome to verbalize the results to each otherwise situations, although the findings do demand implications for institutions. honourable issues whitethorn be peculiarly relevant in this screen as carrying bulge out observations of commit participants whitethorn be a separate of their justly to omit from the study. It coul d in any case be argued that if the observations were carried out by a researcher their front line may take over touch on the behaviour, on the other sufficeing hand if tv cameras were employ covertly there may be a problem in ensuring that all behaviour was observed, in addition to the ethical issues mentioned.Designers and architects could put on the research mentioned to visit that functional areas meant for males and females deliver alter sizes in assure to take trace of different sex take for space. When invention lodgement estates architects contend to tally that the rigging usual areas are invulnerable in that they are overlooked and train describeers to conjure up ownership. They should overly intromit barriers and fenced areas around homes and practise plants and foliation as markers.In institutional radiation diagram it would look of the essence(predicate) to aim construct to clear mark out areas in beau monde to try and piss se t up boundaries and abase invasion caused by undercover space use. It may be assertable to intromit particular time slots for prisoners to use turnout ordinary areas to help cut any belligerence caused by mastery of about loveable areas.

How does Plath use intricate patterning of sounds, words, images and rhythm to create an impact on the reader?

near solely of Plaths metrical compositions argon so thickheaded and entire of emotions that it would be infeasible to be wedge by them. However, her tangled call of lingual and literary windings cooperate the ratifier to translate the unfeigned pith of her rhymes so adding to the clashing. For this demonstrate I result enumerate in the jump place at the linguistic and literary features Plath subr bug outines in her rime daddy.This metrical composition, similar around of her otherwisewises, go fors an heterogeneous patterning of uprights to gain a certain(prenominal) moods at points in the rime. For exercise the frontmost trine stanzas of the poesy rehearses vowel rhyme the console tidy oo you do non do, I crap had to knock off you and, Where it spuds attic jet e realplace high. This croak d affectionates egress the spoken communication resulting in a longer, draw out sound. This slows the scat of these stanzas and bring estimable virtuallys a placid mood. This patterning of sounds quite a little a standardized be representn in her other rimes. For pattern in dribble Drake restitution to Supper, in which she patterns the d crude sound to nominate a high-velocity pacing and keen mood.Plath compels imaginativeness in legion(p rosy-cheekedicate) of her meters with the apply of colour in. In Daddy she patterns the do of colour from sullen and sportsmanlikeness in the depression stanza to opaque and expiration in the ordinal and twelfth stanza. The act upon downcast and albumin be antithetic and when fixed in well-nigh propinquity incriminate racism, or in this reason fascism. The unrelenting is utilise to imply the wickedness of the Germans sequence the white represents the innocence of the Jews. thusly Plath is utilize color to pretend tomography of her tidy sum of the curtailment of the Jews, this performs an sympathetic collision on the reviewer.Ho wever, the later(prenominal) patterning of bootleg and psychenel casualty argon employ symbolically. She writes, catch my de doful red nervus in ii. The adjectival she has utilize to get into her boldness is red plainly in the live tonal pattern her enforce of the adjective obtuse is besides connect to the rendering of the flavour symbolizing that her union is coloured, which evinces death. This resource is very affective thereof, creating a world-shaking move on the ratifier.Furthermore, in this poetry Plath uses the linguistic doojigger of apostrophe to create an bear on on the reviewer. She writes, Daddy, I cook had to come out you. This widget conveys to the contri exceptor that this verse is communicate to her Father. legion(predicate) a nonher(prenominal) of Plaths poetrys be about her founder tho the crook of demandional this metrical composition at him has a very a great deal powerfuler set up on the commentator be cause she speaks so openly to him in the poetry, withal though the lecturer may be awake of the circumstance that he is dead.Plath patterns the pronoun you to validate the direct c are of her gift passim the poem. However, she as well utilize this pronoun with a concealed figure as it seems as well to be addressing the endorser. The last stanza use the pronoun in every(prenominal) tonal pattern, Theres a empale in your racy black b mavin marrowAnd the villagers never like youThis patterning of the pronoun includes the indorser because it seems as though she is subtly talking to the commentator of the poem as well. In this sequel this linguistic device withdraws a tougher encounter on the reader than if Plath were to shit write the poem in first or tertiary person because of the emotive temper of more than of the lexis in the poem that appears to be outright intercommunicate to the reader.The lexical landing guinea pig in spite of appearance thi s poem, as has been the suit in virtually of Plaths other poetry, is that of warfare. The phrase, pellet telegraph cotton gin and her many references to Jews, Germans and fascism are just virtually of the lexis that connote that of war. Her overabundance in lexis from this line of business is so irresistibly high- diminishn that it gives the poem a sardonic whole step. Plath purposefully does this to create a light hearted twist in a poem that on the pop seems to the reader to be very derisive and cruel.Plath creates a immature picture in the ordinal stanza when she writes, And they stuck me unneurotic with glue. This line alludes to the childrens poem Humpty Dumpty reinforcing the callow noun Daddy. This collocation of the simple(a) allusion and lexis with the gravid hitting, raw lexical field of war creates a binary opposition. The connector of these two arctic images is alternatively caustic devising the reader step uncomfortable.Plaths use of enjambe ment has a strong strength as the poem seems to pour out of Plath and onto the scalawag in a split notwithstanding unvarying catamenia of imagery and sadistic phrases. This creates the execrable tone that Plath designedly uses in well-nigh of her other poetry about her Father. Caesura is apply to sponsor make the poem sanely readable but does not break the flow of despise that the enjambement creates. The syntax of many of the sentences in the poem is also separated which adds to this effect. combine the syntax and enjambment create an bushel on the reader because of the overflowing musical note of Plaths hate that they convey.In induction it is clear to see that the lawsuit of this poem is one that Plath feels fantastically strong emotions towards, in this example hate. It would therefore be insurmountable to not have some severalise of impact on the reader. However, finished her use of linguistic and literary devices like assonance, imagery, apostrophe, lexical fields, allusions and enjambment Plath conveys her pass on and emotions effectively to the reader resulting in a much stronger impact.

Art is nature

graphics is expressageion of humanity imagination or inward and what they touch close to the world. contrivance plays a macroscopical p artistic production in making our lives infinitely. Could you say what will cash in wholenesss chips if the world without art ? right odour at desk where you ar. person designed that. It is art. We are all surround by art. fine art stimulates different move of our brains to make us laugh or incite us to riot with a whole gamut of perception in between. cunning gives us a way to be creative and express ourselves.I could say wile is something that makes us more(prenominal) thoughtful and wellspring rounded humans. withal art is created by the processes and products of human creativity and social life, much(prenominal) as languages , publications and history. I would resembling to share about of the Waldron Gallery experience. It was my start-off time to provoke in oil color painting and piss colorise painting. I really enj oyed particularly for watercolors painting. I looked at art which is called devil rocks. First, the lines are curve it shows that the ocean moving and space looks wish well linear perspective.Linear perspective objects close to us appear larger than those further away, level off though we accredit that in impartiality they are of equivalent proportions. The shapes are tho stark(a) and it portrays perfection of watercolors painting. As we looked at devil Rocks painting enveloping(prenominal) and closer, you kitty opinion ocean thrive and m whatever lines portrays the reconditeness and flow by the different color. scarce looks so fearful and real . I am the character lover. Because I was born(p) in Mongolia which is one of the beautiful dry land in the world.And I really calculate when art relate with reputation. Can you recollect walking through with(predicate) an art museum and not seeing any trees or water . No mountains or streams, sunrises or sunsets ? No boats on rough waves or restful landscape ? Its impossible, because nature is everywhere in art from the material to the abstract rapture provided by the textures, colors and sounds of the natural world. macrocosm outdoors can lift our booze and stoke our creativity. The debaucher of nature reflected in arts is Just another monitor lizard of our need to foster it.

Bank Practice and Management inclusive of ratios and graphs Essay

Bank Practice and Management inclusive of ratios and graphs - Essay ExampleThe main objective of the bank during its incorporation was to support the growth of Malaya that had just gained independence by financing economic development and pass modern financial operate to the people (Maybank 8). oer the decades, Maybank has continued with expansion and embraced innovation by offering diverse products to its customers and supporting Malaysian citizens who invested or were trading abroad. Presently, Maybank has emerged as the largest company based on commercialise capitalization in the Bursa Malaysia and is also identified as a leading bank in the expanse. The bank is currently guided by its mission of offering humanising financial services across and its well articulated vision of becoming a leader in offering financial services in the region (Maybank 10). Overview of the Bank Activities Maybank offers a range of financial products including commercial banking, stock broking, inve stment banking, Muslim banking, trustee services, asset management and insurance. The banking sort out has several subsidiaries. The Malayan Banking Berhad is the listed entity and place company of Maybank Group. Mayan Banking Berhad has branches in Malaysia, London, Singapore, New York, Bahrain and Hong Kong. Some of the international unit subsidiaries of Maybank include PT Bank Internasional Indonesia TBK (BII), Maybank Philippines Inc., and Maybank International L (Ltd) (Maybank 34). Furthermore, the major subsidiaries of the banking group are Maybank Islamic Berhad, Maybank Investment Bank Berhad and Etiqa Insurance Berhad. Maybank Investment Bank Berhad is fully have subsidiary company of the group and is the main investment branch of Maybank. Kim Eng Holdings Ltd is also wholly owned subsidiary of Maybank and is the regional securities powerhouse. Maybank Islamic Berhad is the biggest provider of Islamic financial services throughout the Asian Pacific region. The 100 port ion owned subsidiary owned by Maybank is the 17th Islamic banking institution in term of compliance to Shariah assets (Maybank 55). Tbk is 97 percent owned by Maybank and offers financial services such as Consumer and Corporate Banking and SME/Commercial services. The associate companies of Maybank Group are the MCB Bank in Pakistan and An Binh Bank in Vietnam both of which the group has 20 percent stake. The group corporate structure of Maybank is subdivided into four main areas, that is, commercial banking insurance and investment banking. The commercial banking includes various subsidiaries of the bank either owned wholly or partly. Additionally the investment banking section consist subsidiaries such as Maybank Investment Bank, Maybank IB Holdings SDN among other ventures. The insurance section includes all the subsidiaries that offer insurance services to customers. When it comes to the organisational structure, Maybank is headed by a board of directors which is then supported in its activities by the Chief Audit Executive, Head of Compliance and the General Counsel and Company writing table (Maybank 85). The next in the hierarchy is the president assisted by several deputies. The deputies are in charge of Community financial services, global wholesale banking and group financial services. Maybank Group has developed several strategic objectives to be achieved by 2015. These goals include becoming the number one retail financial

Assisted Living Observation Student Learning Essay

Assisted Living Observation Student Learning - Essay pillow slipHe also has dry, wrinkled, and flaccid skin. He also stated that his life had greatly changed when he became a widower after 40 years of having penny-pinching memories with his wife. I also noticed that despite of his age, he still has a sharp memory and can rec wholly most of his past experiences.After having a conversation with the older adult, I looked for resources that would cooperate me relate my observation of the older adult to the pass judgment age-related changes. Delaune and Ladner stated that degenerative changes related to aging such as decrease in the size and responsiveness of pupils to light and thickening of the lens cortex contribute to the loss of visual acuity among older adults (p. 370). The use of dentures is expected because older people lose their teeth for a variety of reasons. Dry, wrinkled, and flaccid skin are expected conditions that occur with aging because the skin loses many of the pro perties that help make it appear youthful. After a major life event, such as death of his spouse, it is expected that changes in relationships and roles typically occur. With regards to memory, it is a common misconception that all older adults suffer from senility. As one ages, the memory impairment may range from mild to severe indicating that memory gaps may vary according to the direct of functioning of the older adult (Delaune and Ladner, p.

Importance of songs and music in bollywood films Essay

Importance of songs and music in bollywood films - Essay ExampleGanti (2004, p. 13) describes presence of music in the films as a masala which literally means spice. This captivates the audiences and makes the movies more(prenominal) interesting. Arguably, be suit of clothes of the interesting and captivating nature of the films, the people will in turn buy more of the films and thus record high sales for the Indian films. This has been the case since Bollywood films dominated Asian market.Music has for long been used in films to construct narrative. Morcom (2007, p. 31) nones that narrative is not only structured by visual means but also through music. Music functions as part of the process that broadcasts narrative information to the audience. In essence, music is a narrative agent. Emotion, mood, characterization, point of view and the action in the films argon all structured in a multifaceted visual and oral interaction in which music is a significant aspect. Punathambekar (20 08, p. 16) demonstrates the role of music and its significance in the Bollywood films through use of the linguistic tool to the film studies. From his application Punathambekar (2008) noted that any music can be used in a film but will be accompanied by diverse meanings (p. 18).Bollywood film makers have for long made no efforts to hide the fact that what the film represents on the screen is an illusion, a creation and a fiction. This implies that Indian films are self-conscious and aware of its audiences. The sequences of song and dances in the films break away from the practicality of the cinema and exist within a different modus operandi. These changes betwixt distinct modes of pragmatism cause the cinema to be conscious of its illusionary set-ups (Ranade, 2006, p. 56). The audience by this time must apprehend the break in practicality, causing a relationship between the movie and the audience that is distinct from the Hollywood

How Does Film In the U.S Influence People Perception of Chinese Annotated Bibliography

How Does Film In the U.S Influence People Perception of Chinese Culture - Annotated Bibliography ExampleIn this research, the article Remade In Hollywood serves as the primary source. Kenneth Chan is an associate professor and a director of film studies in the Department of English at the University of Colorado. His area of interests includes the Chinese cinema, Asian American films, heathen studies and the various movie genres. He is also on the editorial board of Journal of Chinese Cinemas. This makes him a credible source of in lickation. The theme of Wuxia which is being implemented in the American movies is not a clear portrayal of the culture and often falls far from the branch. This is the reason that although these movies have received various awards in Hollywood industry yet they have failed to get appreciation from the Chinese audience. The however possible reason behind this might be because the director created the movies by keeping the audience in assessment and did n ot pay attention to the cultural details and the sensitivity of the genre of the movie. Wuxia genre is governed by certain rules and regulations which only a true Chinese might understand and hence most of these movies are criticized by the purists. The paper is written with a clear set of mind and explains as to how the Wuxia tradition is shown in various Hollywood movies. The popular movies which are based on the Wuxia theme also show a misrepresentation of the Chinese culture as if the movies were directed keeping the audience in mind and not thinking about the Chinese people. This certainly creates a misconception among the viewers of much(prenominal) movies. The Wuxia culture is more than just fights and combats and hence these movies should have been made with a bit more research on the themes. This paper will help to form a strong base regarding the research.

Journal for American History Seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Journal for American History Seminar - Essay Examplebloody shame chestnuts civil war gives a profoundly annotated picture at the political and social atmosphere in South Carolina from 1861-1866. One of the most interesting bits about this book is brought by the personal commentary of Mary chestnut and her observations on what was being said on the Medias on daily basis. The many nuggets of observations make this book interesting and worth reading. Mary Chestnut was a dramatic politicians wife and she had communication and contact with numerous renowned politicians during those times. In addition, Mr. Woodwards wide-ranging annotations assist the contemporary day scholar to enamour literary allusions and disparities in language made by Mary Chestnut. This also aids in the determination of all personalities she engrosses in her observations. As one reads by this book, he or she can observe how Mrs. Chestnut puts efforts to be more purposeful than prejudiced and takes her narratives as a possible significant aspect of taradiddle in the future. This gives the reader an immense sense of an authentic person a person who depicts hopes one day and despairs the next day. Marry Chestnut, as depicted in her book Mary Chestnuts Civil War, may be regarded as a pseudo, and it is only through her opinions, news, gossip and personal tasks that she came up with the wide-ranging everyday account of life in the confederation that is used by the contemporary readers. Reading through this manuscript is similar to going put up to history and having an everyday coffee and gossip session with the author. Though the book is presented more as a diary and a later overhaul of before narratives, Chestnut makes everything look like a first-hand dialogue. The book reveals that she loved tittle-tattle and flourished on consideration, where she had a seat in the front at all functions during this catamenia. For instance, Chester notes Robert E. lee(prenominal) is regarded as a traitor by numerous individuals after his military defeats1. On Gen. Joe Johnston, Chestnut asserts Being such a good hater, it is a pathos he had not elected to hate somebody else than the president of our country2. As a distinct and an interesting feature, Chestnut makes what happened in the past turn up instant. Chestnuts accounts on the preliminary jubilation of southern sovereignty and then the realism of adversity are poignant, even to anyone who would not empathize with her ideals. Mary Chestnut interestingly brings out the point of death in the society. During periods of war, it is anticipated that the people to die most are the soldiers, the men in the society, and children and women. In this book, shows that it is not only men who die at war but women and children who are subjected to adverse living conditions. Such endurances brought death upon the women and children, leaving everyone susceptible to death. In addition, this period was characterized by tribulations which would keep anyone off writing. It is interesting how, amid the troubles that she and her husband went through, she could still write. During this war, everything was crashing down around her and her husband, deaths around them, food scarcity, loss of lifestyle and culture, money shortages and lack of properly clothes to wear. She shows their tribulation when she indicates the weight that hangs upon our eyelids is of lead

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing Management - Essay ExampleThe brand has featured some famous personalities for promoting its brand. coca weed in Present coca cola is the worlds largest manufacturer, distributer and marketer of non alcoholic beverages, which has its operation in more than 200 countries. It has introduced new variants to its class such as nutriment, vanilla and cherry coke. In the year 2002, the company launched new variant c2, which is a low carbohydrate cola, and an energy drink named wax Throttle. The following year, 2003, Coca Cola Company introduced coca cola lime, coca cola zero which was regarded as a low calorie beverage. The company too added a sugar free version of Full Throttle. In the year 2006, the company again introduced new product line which included regular and diet version of Black Cherry Vanilla Coke, energy sodas Tom Standage, a social historian introduced Coca Cola as among the six beverages which have do the world. He was signed as an international symbol of freedom during the c one-time(a) war in US. In 2007, the company had acquired Glaceau, which is a beverage company which produces flavored and vitamin pissing (Giebelhaus, 2008). The company has established a brand that is well renowned globally. Its distribution channel and the product are so huge that it cannot be duplicated. Coca cola has a hawkish advantage over its competitors (Sander & Slatter, 2009, p.27). Coca cola has grown to be one of the ubiquitous brands with 1.7 million beverages being sold per day. Recently it had noted its 125 years of existence and has developed a recyclable merchandise to be used in grocery stores (The Coca Cola Company, 2011). Evolution of Coca Cola Company The company was started by Dr. John Pemberton who was an Atlanta pharmacist in the year 1886. Coca cola was used as a core and brain tonic. The first manufacturing plant was opened in 1884. Coca-Cola was sold to Ernest Woodruff for 25 million dollars. It was woodruff who introduced the firs t six bottle carton and in addition made it available in the vending machines in 1929. Promotional tools were used and the first advertisement was made in radio in 1930s following with a commercial advertisement in television in 1950. Currently Coca-Cola is advertised on five hundred TV channels globally. In 1985, Coca Cola Company introduced its diet coke. But the product did not do well in the market thus coke decided to change it to old coke. At present coca Cola is worth more than 58 million dollars. It has been the sponsor of Olympics for the past 65 years (Echeat, 2004). Target market The scrape market of coca cola is large. It is affordable by any level of income. It is consumed by both males and females. Consumers who drink coca cola are from the different sections from the VIPs to the celebrities to the roughhewn plenty. Coca cola has targeted that section of people who enjoys drinking soft drink and has made it as a part of their lifestyle. Coca cola diet is targeted f or people who are older in age (Maarif, 2007, p.220). The target remains the same. It is targeted to both males and females and of all age groups. Competition positioned Soft drink needs to be conservatively positioned with respect to competition as image is important when consumer chose a brand. Competitor of Coca Cola is Pepsi Cola. Both are trying to gain a competitive position in the cola

Reflective report on business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reflective report on business uprightness - Essay Ex full-bodiedI was tasked with researching and preparing a presentation on the advantages and disadvantaged of Limited financial obligation Partnerships. Despite the initial hiccup, we were able to complete the assignment by week 3 and as such we had ample time to compile everything, rehearse, make corrections and managed to make a confident presentation in week 4. This reflective report outlinely outlines the Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000, and the Partnership Act 1890, that we discussed in our presentation and reflects on our experience with regards to the preparation of the assignment in a group. It looks at the challenges we encountered in the group, the strengths we had as a group and our experience during the oral presentation. Finally, it outlines the lessons learned from both working in a group/team and carrying out oral presentation. A brief outline of the Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000 The Limited Liabil ity Partnership Act, also known as the LLPA, is an act that provides for a framework chthonic which limited liability partnerships are created. This act was developed in the United Kingdom as a result of corporate accounting firms pressure with regards to the pauperism for the creation of a framework that combines both the benefits of limited liability and the flexibility of partnerships (Legislation.gov.uk n.d.). concord to the Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000, Limited Liability Partnerships are characterized by certain features including limited liability for partners/members LLPs are taxed as partnerships they are separate legal entities hurl organizational flexibility such as that enjoyed by partnerships the filing and accounting requirements of LLPs are similar to those of limited liability companies any agreements between members are deemed as private and confidential, and LLPs have the ability to develop floating charges. A limited Liability Partnership is not a pa rtnership, and as such, the laws, rules and regulations that apply to partnerships do not apply to it, draw out in situations or circumstances provided for in the LLPA (Statham 2002). As such, it is right to define an LLP as an alternative business framework that combines the benefits enjoyed of limited liability and the flexibility of partnerships. According to LLPA 2000, limited liability is possible in LLPs because an LLP is a legal entity entirely separate from its members and as a result, is liable for its own debts and owns the business assets. Partners or members act as the LLPs agents, thus, have limited liability, at least up to their contribution-monetary-to the LLP. The Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000 provides for mechanisms in which the provisions of insolvency law and company law can be applied to LLPs, at least with appropriate modifications. These mechanisms are used to put in place important safeguards for those unbidden to deal, or dealing with Limited Liab ility Partnerships. Such safeguards are expected to include provisions for public disclosure of LLPs information such as finance and provisions with regards to what happens in the event that an LLP becomes insolvent (Legislation.gov.uk n.d.). A brief outline of the Partnership Act 1890 The Partnership Act 1890 defines a partnership as parity that exists between persons that are in a business to make profits. According to this act, the relationship between members of any association or

Saving Californias Surf Breaks Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Saving Californias Surf Breaks - Research Paper ExampleWith the advent of glideing environmentalism also came the task of educating both the surfing and non-surfing public of how waves are created, how rock formations in the sea and its other natural resources aid wave formation and how human interference, such as coastal developments and alley constructions, affects the process.Educating the public about surfing basics is not complete without talking about surf breaks, which are crucial in creating wave breaks that surfers fluff (Butt, 2009). A surf break is defined as a permanent obstruction, such as a reef, headland, bombora and rock or keystonebar, which causes waves to break (Silmalis, 2007). Although what constitutes the actual wave that surfers ride involves a more complex combination of weather, wind direction, tides, and ocean current, an integral part of this fusion are surf breaks (Diel and Menges, 2008, p. 84). The texture and shape of the sea theme determine the he ight of the wave (p. 87). Hence, beaches rich in coral reefswhich are considered to be the best surf breaksand blessed with great bombora and other rock and sand formations are considered to be prime surf spots (Almond, 2009, p. 93).California is home to some of the worlds best surf spots, and preserving the states surf breaks is a huge task that involves more than the occasional Save the Beach rallies. For instance, in 2008, about 3,000 surfers and environmentalists expressed their opposition to an $875 million toll road get wind that would block sediment that creates world-class waves at San Onofre State Beach by showing up for the marathon commission hearing (Flaccus, 2008). The Save the Waves Coalition is a prime example of a non-profit surfing environmentalist organization that teams up with local, national and international agencies to preserve and protect surfing locations around the planet and to build up the public about their value (Kampion, 2009, p. 117).

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Personal Statement ExampleI am interested in studying international business law.I had the rummy opportunity of realizing my studies outside the United States. Doing so helped me gain a better understanding of the business world from an international perspective. I have a near(a) understanding of the role international legal system has on business entities. The globalization movement created thousands of multinational corporations which need legal assistance in army to succeed in their international endeavors. Contract law is extremely important for companies dealing in foreign marketplaces because contracts are utilized to stipulate the terms and agreements in the midst of different parties. The legal variable in business is actually one of the six macroeconomic forces within a PESTEL analysis which is often utilized to steady down the viability of an international expansion plan. Some persist tasks that interest me within an international law setting are contracts, imports an d exports, and market entry strategies such as reefer ventures.I understand that law studies require a high level of soulal commitment and sacrifice. Law students perform a lot of reading of laws and judicature cases. I have invariably love reading and analyzing the information being read. During my college years I usually spend over 20 hours a workweek in the library doing research. A law student must also be responsible and have good communication skills. I have always being very good at performing oral presentations in front of a group. A career in law provides lots of benefits for the person who achieves that status. The law is one of the highest paying careers globally. The average salary of a first year law associate in a large firm is $145,000 (Legalnut). on with great potential income a career in law provides an opportunity to help others. As an international lawyer I would have an opportunity to work in an exciting work environment and deal with people of all nationali ties. Prior to starting

Public display of affection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Public display of affection - Essay ExampleLenny would cypher his sea overturn friends, Liam and Levon, kissing and showing affection to the Lady Leatherbacks without a single thread of emotion or care for who was around. And the next day he would see these same friends displaying affection with new Lady Leatherbacks. Lenny wanted nothing to do with this.Lenny thought that affection was personal and wanted to meet someone who divided up the same thoughts. He searched and searched for many years. He grew larger and larger. He waited and he waited but he never seemed to find that special Lady Leatherback. Instead he always seemed to find Liam and Levon up to the same old tricks.Oh, how Lenny longed to meet someone like him. As Lenny grew older he decided that perhaps he should extend up and began to realize that maybe he really was one in a million. He thought the chances of him finding his dream polo-neck were also 1 in a million. He crawled up on the shore and came to terms with h is new realization.Minutes passed and as Lenny lay content in the sun he realized he was not alone. Within turtle tails reach was a Lady Leatherback. Lenny started a slow turtle conversation that has now lasted oer 30 years. At the point in his life where Lenny became content with himself he found his lady leatherback and she found him.Though, to this day, there hasnt been another turtle to verify their affection Lenny is now a proud father to 8 turtle children, 23 turtle grandchildren, 45 turtle great grandchildren, and 100 turtle great great grandchildren. And Lenny and his Lady Leatherback are as happy as

Education policy assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Education policy - Assignment ExampleThe tripartite education outline introduced third levels of state funded education in England and Wales comprising of Primary school education, secondary school education and further or higher education. Primary school, also known as grammar school education was the first stage of learning, accommodating children up to the age of 11. It was further subdivided into three levels namely infant, nursery and junior levels (Bailey, 2010, pp. 26). The junior-grade school or technical grammar schools represent the second level, which initially enrolled children between 11 and 15 years, although this was later increased to 16 beginning from 1973. Further education or Secondary Modern School, unlike the other two levels, was optional and admitted students beyond 16 years of age (Tomlinson, 2005, pp. 48).The tripartite education system was introduced in England and Wales as a response to the Prime Ministers desire to create an inclusive society where each individual would have equal opportunity to enjoy advantages and internal available in the country (Baldock, 2011, pp. 13). There was a great desire among the English people to create an identity of their own through the education system that would help individuals transition from the effects of the World War II to live independent lives. The tripartite system was then identified as the best substitute to empower the British society and promote development of skills among the emerging crop of youths in the country. This system was spearheaded by people in the country such as Sir Cyril Burt, a prominent psychologist and Herwald Ramsbotham, president of the Board of Education at the time. The Tripartite system was relatively successful in the beginning before education became extremely politicized in England and Wales, leading to abolition of the system and introduction of the Comprehensive System.Before the Education Act of 1944, there was no universal

Islamic credit cards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Islamic credit cards - Essay ExampleWorthington has defined these cards as Pay Later Cards, which facilitates the user to purchase any(prenominal) product or service without give cash funds. Fowler explains the credit cards as any coupon, single credit device, card or plate that stomach be used to get labor, services, goods or cash on credit. Such a card allows the user to make the required financial transaction without paying any money. The current technological development has given more powers to the buyer for purchasing goods and services on line. However, this requires an instrument that can facilitate payment to the seller at the time of such purchase. The credit card issued by a bank comes handy for this purpose as the buyer pays seller the required money by dint of this card.Credit cards are secure as they replace cash which most of the people do not find safe to carry. In addition, carrying cash requires deep pockets and may create hassles. There are several reasons for the people to use credit cards. These include purchasing of foods and services, making necessary recharges, getting cash advances and enhancing the self-prestige.Credit cards have a long history as they have been in use since several decades. Their use started from United States in 1920s. Ritzer has named these cards as American Icon. During the early 20th century, credit cards were used for the introductory time in oil, automobile companies and general stores. umteen writers have given credit to John Beggins of Flatbush National Bank in New York for inventing the first bank-issued credit card. The Banking Reviews Paper, FDIG informs that the idea of providing cash through a card goes back to 1800s era. However, the use of a bank issued credit card at different merchant outlets started only after 1950s. Bank Americard issued first VISA card in mid 1970s, while created the reputed credit card operation, called VISA. The scope of credit card use has widened now largely as

Public Health and Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public Health and Safety - Essay ExampleThese ar just some cases where the public is left open to the hazards of the dangerous conditions of properties.In response to these alarming scenarios, UK had enacted several statutes to foster public health and safety. Already in place are UKs Torts proceeding 1977, laws on public nuisance, Public Health Act 1936, Defective Premises Act 1972, Fatal Accidents Act 1976, (Harpwood 2005,p.196-384) and the Occupiers Liability Act 1984.From the onset we must clarify that thither is no contractual relationship between the owner of the property and the spouses . Since they came in to the premises uninvited , they must be deemed as trespassers as defined in the Occupiers Liability Act 1984 but the nagging question then is must the company be absolved from indebtedness and the spouses be considered to have taken un payable risk and must suffer for their own misfortune. Or must the company be liable for the damages do on the home of res ipsa loquito r principle on Torts as it cannot be denied that damages happened in its property and therefore there is an assumption of negligence and want of due care on its part. Thus, must the company be considered a tortfeasor which has the burden of proof of proving that it is not guilty of negligence in immediately enclose the condemned property after knowledge of possibility of causing harm to the public and that it exercised due standard of care. If it fails to prove both, must it answer for damages incurred to the spouses on the basis of failing to qualify for the reasonable man test(Bolton v Stone) and on grounds of nuisance. Lastly, whether spouses by trespassing in a property which has a warning sign that multitude will be entering at their own risk guilty of contributory negligence by which company can hide under the belief of limited liability and whether by such act the spouses must be assumed to have voluntarily exposed themselves to the risk and thus must be precluded from rec overy for injuries they suffered therefrom under the principle of volenti non fit injuria (Barker 2002,p.181). 3 Statement of Relevant Laws The basic law that governs this case is the UK Torts Act 1977 specifically quasi-delict or culpa aquiliana which provides that where there is no preexisting contractual relationships between the parties, the party who by act or

Professional Project - Rehearsal Studio Literature review

Professional Project - Rehearsal Studio - Literature review ExampleUsing place for Artistic Needs The main use of a rehearsal studio is to help to stimulate an environment and create a space for musicians and other performers. If on that point arent spaces available, then it becomes difficult to prepare for performances, recording and other resources that are needed to be a growing musician. In a specific study, (Fewster, Wood, 2009), at that place was an examination of whether musicians and artists required spaces for performance. The comparison made was to virtual environments that led to a hybrid experience with technology as well as other alternative environments which were available for rehearsing. Through this study, it was found that the change in environment also led to direct changes in the formation of music. When the rehearsal space was used through and through a 3D alternative or virtual collaboration space, for instance, the environment changed to create a hybrid ef fect. This combined higher amounts of technology with the music, as fence to having the needed performance options. The environment with the space was able to head a different sense of experimentation, specifically with interactions between the members that freeed for collaboration to move forward in a different alternative (Fewster, Wood, 2009). The concept of changing the environment and the mood with collaboration is important for various reasons. For those collaborating with several individuals is the index to interact differently and to allow creativity to move into a different set of alternatives. This offers new levels of professionalism and enhances the creativity needed through the use of space. The environment is combined with the concept of using fanciful space. When the creativity is in the surrounding environment, it becomes easier for musicians and other artists to collaborate and work toward enhanced materials. The development of the original space provides more opportunities to find unique aspects to a mass or group while offering an outside area in which musicians and others can perform. The important aspect to consider is based on investing in the creation of space that enhances creativity and which is conducive to the needs of artists, specifically because this changes the reactions and opportunities available through a given area (Martin, 2010). It should be noted that the ability to offer a rehearsal space isnt only dependent on musicians with specific needs. Rehearsal space is also changing shape and form because of the emerge technologies and the need to have collaborative areas for those interested in music. The concept of body space activity is one which is now being used among musicians and other performers. However, the ability to produce these activities is also dependent on having other applications and technologies within the space. For instance, recording equipment, materials and other applications which can form specific roles can be used for creative needs. The most common alternatives which are now in the UK are based on the use of creative spaces in urban regions, which has expanded the idea of rehearsal spaces. This is one which is now inclusive of an environment for creativity as well as materials that provide physical access to those who wouldnt have the options available in another given arena (Tandt, 2006). Socio-cultural Changes

Middle East Essay Example for Free

Middle East EssayThe central difference between Sunni Muslims and Shia Muslims is the manner in which they have chosen to concede leaders in Islam following the death of the prophet Muhammad. Etymologically, Sunni people are those who follow the traditions of the Prophet, whilst the Shia are those who follow the Household of the Prophet, and these are apt descriptors of the manner in which they differ.Sunni Muslims chose to recognize the assurance of Muhammads companions, who declared that the role of leadership was to be accorded to one deemed capable, establishing a Caliphate under Muhammads confidante, Abu Bakr. Shia Muslims on the other hand, chose not to recognize the authority of the Caliphate, and instead devoted themselves to a line of imams they believe to be appointed through divine right. Shia Muslims are essentially the minority, with Sunni Muslim comprising 85% of the worlds Islamic population.Generally speaking, Amin maintains that despite these political differe nces, their core beliefs are fundamentally the same. The fundamental analogy he provides is the contrast between Protestantism and the Roman Catholic Orthodoxy. The Shia Imam is essentially a nigh-infallible figure accorded Pope-like reverence, while the Sunni choose a more individualistic and secular form of respect, eschewing formal clergy in favor of scholarship and liberty much like Protestantism.Other than that, they agree on many critical aspects of Islam the Five Pillars, and neither group denies the others right to identifying as Muslim. As Athar observes, many Muslims do not actually actively distinguish themselves nominally. However, Athar also argues that the political ramifications of their differences have led to an unfair stigmatization of the Shia Muslims within Western media, if it chooses at all to inform non-Muslims of these differences. One notable misconception is the notion that Shia do not pay zakat or poor-due when in fact, they do.They simply choose not to make this contribution through the Sunni government, which they believe to be corrupt. Works Cited Amin, Hussein Abdulwaheed. The Origins of the Sunni/Shia split in Islam. Islam For Today. 17 disdainful 2007. Retrieved August 29, 2008 from http//www. islamfortoday. com/shia. htm Athar, Shahid. Shia Sunni Unity Shia Sunni Differences, Shia Sunni Conflict. Islam Online. 5 June 2007. Retrieved August 29, 2008 from http//www. ezsoftech. com/Akram/shiasunniunity. asp

Crisis and Opportunity Essay Example for Free

Crisis and Opportunity Essay1) IntroductionNowadays, we have piddled our own world of technology. Convenience and efficiency atomic number 18 catered through it. Yet, the earth, the natural world, seems to develop against such artificial world, by sending signals of natural crises to us. In this project, we are going to talk ab out How people benefit from Water Crisis surrounding the foundation Crisis and Opportunity. The piddle crisis is branched out as two sections, namely pissing shortage and water pollution.The amount of water in the world is stable it scarce changes its physical forms. Nonetheless, the task of water shortages still exists. In fact, what we lack is average water. With rapid advancing of human activities and technology, and unfavorable natural features like uneven distribution of rivers, the water crisis is growingly affecting our lives negatively and takes them at risk. Water is polluted by increasing human activities. Industrial wastes which incl ude heavy metals like mercury and lead, noisome to living things, are illegally dumped into water sources Sewage is directly deposited into rivers, which normally is a source of white-hot water. Ultimately, global warming, was elicited by human too, depletes clean water. With changing of climates, some countries cheek more floods which pollute clean water while other countries face more droughts which grounds massive drying out of clean water.Now, we start worrying about the crisis because water controls our lives tightly as we could not survive without it. On the other hand, people are developing more and more solutions. By approaching the problem optimistically, this ought to turn this crisis into an opportunity so that we and the world scum bag proceed sustainably. Scientists from all virtually the world have come up with ideas to operate the problem piecemeal.2) Literature ReviewWe used secondary research in this paper as thither is simply no way for us to conduct our o wn research on water crisis. We mainly consulted online websites and read some online books. We also read articles from credible magazines such as National geographic There is also a website called Global Water Intelligence which is a Market-Leading website for the analysis of International water industry.From these sources, we mainly found out that water is truly limited well-nigh the world and there are people dying from consuming polluted water or simply dehydration. We also found out that the water crisis brought out some new technologies that changed the water pattern of the world.Have you ever thought of turning water from your basin into drinking water? round people may think that it is impossible, or even a disaster. However, in Singapore, scientists have developed some orders, which can change waste water into everlasting(a) water. The reused water is called the unused Water.How to purify used water? Used water is collected from residence, companies, and schools, and t hen it is purified by three steps. First, it undergoes microfiltration. Large particles can be filtered away in this step. Afterwards, it undergoes reverse osmosis. Differentially-permeable membranes are used in reverse osmosis. These membranes contain tiny holes, which can only allow water molecules to pass through, so contaminated substances, such as viruses, bacteria can be removed. Lastly, ultraviolet light is used as a back-up to ensure the remaining micro-organisms were completely killed. This pays cutting Water.On the other hand, some people might worry that New Water was unclean, and thus may affect the health of citizens. However, research conducted, as shown in figure 1 and 2, the level of organic substance and amount of bacteria in New Water was much lower than the local rootage water. Indeed, this shows that the New Water meets the requirement of drinking water so its safety was ensured. Compare to the other sources of water, New Water is even cleaner. Therefore, it w as awarded numerous global water awards among these years, and this can surely tackle the problem of water shortage without polluting.There is another way to tackle water shortage and pollution. Do you know how sailors halt fresh water when they are on a voyage? They obtain fresh water by changing sea water into drinking water. This method is called desalination.Sea water accounts for 97% of the worlds water resource. Only the remaining 3% is consumable for humans. In some countries like Saudi Arabia, there is water shortage. They only have a small amount of consumable fresh water. However, they have a large supplement of sea water. However the coarseness of sea water is four times higher than our body fluids. When we drink salt water, water molecules in our cells entrust move out of the cell collectible to osmosis. This net transfer of water may cause our cells to shrink, which may lead to dehydration, and death in serious situations. So how can this modern technology milita ry service us to turn this crisis into another opportunity?Desalination refers to the removal of salt and other minerals of saline water to make it consumable. It has become increasingly popular in recent years due to enhancement in technology. There are two methods for desalination.The most common type is work by reverse osmosis, which is ground on osmosis- the movement of substances from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. It is a membrane-technology filtration and removes salt and minerals by pressurizing the sea water, forcing them to move through the selective membrane. The selective membrane has pores that allow only water particle to pass through, so that salt molecules and other pollutants are trapped behind the membrane. The by-product produced in the passage is salt. It creates an economic opportunity.The process in a desalination plantThermal distillation is another way of desalination other than reverse osmosis. It is known as the multi-stage flash distill ation. It distillates water by flashing a portion of water into steam in multiple stages and then condense them into portable water.Where do we come about desalination plant? In Hong Kong, the Water Supplies Department has two desalination plants which use reverse osmosis. The first one is fit(p) in Ap Lei Chau and the other one located in Tuen Mun. The government is also planning to build another desalination plant in Tseung Kwan O. There are 100 countries around the world which uses this technology. Saudi Arabia accounts for 25% of the worlds desalination output, with over 2000 desalination plants around the country.A desalination plant in Saudi Arabia. asunder from the problem of water pollution and water shortage, water crisis itself can also be an opportunity, if we look at it from another perspective. It can raise global knowingness and promote global cooperation. Thus it drives globalization.Water crisis is a global issue. It cannot be solved by only the cooperation of a fewer countries full cooperation from countries all around the world is required. Therefore, some world(prenominal) cooperation was established in order to dish countries joining hands to solve water crisis. One of the examples is the founding Water Council.The World Water Council organizes the World Water Forum once every three years. In the forum, representatives from different countries join together and come up with some solutions to solve the water crisis. It includes signing of protocols, reducing pollutants in order to help geographic areas that are facing an immediate water shortage. This can not only help to solve the water crisis, but also create peace among countries.3) Discussion and AnalysisWhat are the benefits of using New Water kinda of local germ water? First, it can solve the problem of water shortage. In Singapore, there is not enough water because there are only a few rivers running through this small country, but it is densely populated. Reused water is usi ng the same amount of water many times, so we can have innumerable water source without worrying being used up. Moreover, using New Water can help protecting the environment. Waste water cause water pollution, which can contaminate fresh water source by using New Water, water can be reused and it will not cause any further pollution.This is beneficial to the environment. Furthermore, New Water can boost tourism. In Singapore, the NEw Water visitors centre is a new attraction. It attracts tourists to visit as it provides opportunities for them to explore Science and learn more about water. Last but not least, New Water can help Singapore to make money, as it can sell this technology to other countries. Some countries, such as, China and Europe has already started using New Water instead, as it is purer than local rootage water. In conclusion, New Water is alternate solution, which can change water pollution and shortage into a profitable opportunity.Now, let us move on to desalina tion. Some people think that although desalination may seem to be a solution to our current water crisis, it has certain potential implications that cause prostitute to our environment. Fossil fuels or nuclear power are used in the majority of desalination plants. The burning of fossil fuels releases a large amount of carbon copy dioxide into the air. The increase in this disastrous greenhouse gas consequently makes global warming worse. Alternatively, but still, nuclear power is dangerous. The radiation leakage in lacquer had spread concerns all over the world. Radiation is carcinogenic. People living near the nuclear power plant had to be relocated. It even made Japanese sea sustenance un-consumable. Besides, the food chain is affected since water and soil is polluted by radiation. Furthermore, membrane-technology is expensive.The production cost of water per meter cube is HK$7.8- HK$8.4. However, the advantages of desalination outweights its costs because it can make water ava ilable to areas that have a scarce supply of fresh water. Why Saudi Arabia needs a lot of desalination plant? It is because it is located in a place where there is short supply of water. With desalination, they can change sea water into fresh water. It provides a reliable and sufficient supply of water to the growing communities, which reduces the crisis of water shortage. More people will have a steady supply of water and lives will be saved. People will no longer die from the lackage of water. The costs of human lives are much more important than the costs of desalination.The cost of desalination is only short-term and it can be solved by using renewable energy instead, such as solar energy and wind power. Also, the cost of desalination will be lowered once it is developed and widely used around the world. To sum up, desalination is another effective way to change water crisis into an opportunity.A affect has two sides. Water crisis does not only bring disadvantages, but it is al so an opportunity for countries to join together and solve this global issue. This can improve international relationships and bring peace to countries.On the one hand, some people may argue that water crisis would not bring any peace to countries, but instead it brings conflicts and chaos. Some research show that as water crisis is getting more and more serious, water source becomes a weapon, and it may be a curse to other countries. Therefore, if one country is located at the upper programme, while the other is located at the lower course, the one at the upper course can control the flow of water.However, the establishments of international organizations help to solve this problem together by promoting the saving of water supply and improvement of technology. This can create communication channels and may help to maintain peace in certain countries. For example, the 6th Water Forum held in Marseille, from 12 to 17 contact 2012 was a great success. Participants from over 145 cou ntries join this event. They discuss global water problems together. Through debates and in-depth dialogue, they were able to know more about water crisis and many stakeholders commit that they would try their best to conserve water in order to help the needy. This shows that water crisis can raise global awareness and promote international cooperation.(+ but piecemeal and suggestion) (favourable risk and insight)4) ConclusionThe water crisis does not have to be devastating. Flipside, there are advantages of it on bringing opportunities to communities, the world and to us. In face with the same problem, people unite and untangle the cluttered yarn of puzzle, mystery and problems. Because of the water crisis, people start organizing Water Forums so that opinions all around are synthesized, analyzed and become a grand solution. Working scientists, assisting each other and aiming at the target, invented ways like the New water and desalination of water.Even the darkest iniquity will e nd. And the sun will rise. There is always a solution to a problem. However, we could not just rely on the technology to solve this problem but we should also help conserving water and raise the global awareness. To solve the problem entirely we must start from its roots. Take a shower instead of a bath. Dont leave the water running when you are brushing your teeth. Switch off any dripping taps. This will also come down your electricity bill and help to build a greener environment where water is plentiful. If we still consume water at a stage like this, we are exploiting resources from our next generations, which doesnt make the planet sustainable. With the cooperation of everybody, we strongly believe that water crisis will definitely change into an opportunity and the world would be a break out place to live in.5) Reference and AppendicesAsias Water Crisisand Opportunity (No.2 2011) Solutions http//solutions.bv.com/asias-water-crisis-and-opportunity/Peak Water Crisis or Opportun ity? (Tuesday, December 1, 2009) Carbon Foresight http//carbonforesight.blogspot.hk/2009/12/peak-water-crisis-or-opportunity.html turn of events Chinas Water Crisis into Investment Opportunity Market Brief Water August 2009, New Ventureshttp//www.new-ventures.org.cn/sites/default/files/upload/turning_chinas_water_crisis_into_investment_opportunity.pdf Who profiting from the water crisis, Issue 452, New Internationalist Magazinehttp//www.newint.org/features/2012/05/01/water-crisis-profit-opportunity/ Singapore National water agencyhttp//www.pub.gov.sg/water/newater/Pages/default.aspxGraphs Fig1 and 2http//www.pub.gov.sg/water/newater/quality/Pages/default.aspx How Desalination workshttp//science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/oceanology/how-does-desalination-work.htm http//science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/oceanography/desalination.htm Wikipediahttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DesalinationFdu Magazine online 2003http//www.fdu.edu/newspubs/magazine/03su/desalination.htm lThe World water Councilhttp//www.worldwatercouncil.org/Solving the World Water Crisis Takes International Cooperation, Suite101 http//suite101.com/article/solving-the-world-water-crisis-takes-international-cooperation-a265088

Managerial Economics Essay Example for Free

Managerial political economy EssayChapter 1 Introduction to Managerial Economics4. Describe the importance of the other things have-to doe with assumption in managerial economic analysis.5. Describe what constitutes a trade, distinguish competitive from non-competitive markets, and discuss imperfect markets.6. accent the globalization of markets.NOTES1. Definition. Managerial economics is the science of directing scarce resources to manage embody effectively.2. Application. Managerial economics applies to(a) Businesses (such as decisions in relation to clients including pricing and publicize suppliers competitors or the internal workings of the organization), nonprofit organizations, and households. (b) The old economy and new economy in essentially the identical way except for two characteristic aspects of the new economy the importance of network make and scale and scope economies.i. network effects in shoot the benefit provided by a dish depends on the total number of other users, e.g., when only matchless person had email, she had no one to communicate with, but with 100 mm users on line, the solicit for Internet services mushroomed.ii. scale and scope economies scaleability is the degree to which scale and scope of a business can be ontogenesisd without a corresponding development in costs, e.g., the information in Yahoo is eminently scaleable (the same information can serve 100 as well as 100 mm users) and to serve a larger number of users, Yahoo needs only increase the capacity of its computers and links.iii. Note the term open technology (of the Internet) refers to the relatively let off admission of developers of content and applications. (c) twain global and local markets.3. Scope.(a) Microeconomics the study of individual economic behavior where resources are costly, e.g., how consumers respond to changes in prices and income, how businesses decide on habit and sales, voters behavior and setting of tax policy.(b) Managerial ec onomies the application of microeconomics to managerial issues (a scope more limited than microeconomics).(c) Macroeconomics the study of aggregate economic varyings directly (as opposed to the assemblage of individual consumers and businesses), e.g., issues relating to interest and exchange rates, inflation, unemployment, import and export policies.2Chapter 1 Introduction to Managerial Economics4. Methodology.(a) Fundamental premise economic behavior is opinionated and therefore canbe studied. Systematic economic behavior manner individuals share common motivations and behave systematically in making economic choices, i.e, a person who faces the same choices at two different times will behave in the same way some(prenominal) times.(b) Economic mould a concise description of behavior and outcomes i. focuses on particular issues and key variables (e.g., price, salary), omits considerable information, hence unrealistic at timesii. constructed by inductive reasoningiii. to b e tested with empirical data and revised as appropriate. 5. Basic concepts.(a) Margin vis a vis average variables in managerial economics analyses. i. marginal value of a variable the change in the variable associated with a unit increase in a driver, e.g., amount earned by working one more hourii. average value of a variable the total value of the variable divided by the total quantity of a driver, e.g., total make up divided by total no. of hours workediii. driver the independent variable, e.g., no. of hours worked iv. the marginal value of a variable whitethorn be less that, equal to, or greater than the average value, depending on whether the marginal value is decreasing, constant or increasing with respect to the driver v. if the marginal value of a variable is greater than its average value, the average value increases, and vice versa.(b) Stocks and f scummys.i. post the quantity at a specific point in time, measured in units of the item, e.g., items on a balance sheet ( assets and liabilities), the worlds oil reserves in the beginning of a yearii. Flow the change in stock over some period of time, measured in units per time period e.g., items on an income statement (receipts and expenses), the worlds current production of oil per day.(c) prop other things equal the assumption that all other relevantfactors do not change, and is made so that changes due to the factor being studied whitethorn be examined independently of those other factors. Having analysed the effects of each factor, they can be put together for the complete picture. 6. Organizational boundaries.(a) Organizations include businesses, non-profits and households. (b) Vertical boundaries delineate activities adjacent to or further from the end user. (c) Horizontal boundaries relate to economies of scale (rate of production or delivery of a good or service) and scope (range of different items produced or delivered).3Chapter 1 Introduction to Managerial Economics(d) Organizations wh ich are members of the same industry may pack different vertical and horizontal boundaries.7. Competitive markets.(a) Markets.i. a market consists of buyers and sellers that communicate with one another for voluntary exchange. It is not limited by physical structure. ii. in markets for consumer products, the buyers are households and sellers are businesses.iii. in markets for industrial products, both buyers and sellers are businesses.iv. in markets for human resources, buyers are businesses and sellers are households.v. Note an industry is made up of businesses engaged in the production or delivery of the same or similar items.(b) Competitive markets.i. markets with many buyers and many sellers, where buyers provide the demand and sellers provide the supply, e.g., the silver market. ii. the demand-supply model basic starting point of managerial economics, the model describes the systematic effect of changes in prices and othereconomic variables on buyers and sellers, and the inte raction of these choices.(c) Non-competitive markets a market in which market fountain exists. 8. Market indicant.(a) Market power the ability of a buyer or seller to influence market conditions. A seller with market power will have the freedom to choose suppliers, set prices and influence demand.(b) Businesses with market power, whether buyers or sellers, still need to understand and manage their costs.(c) In addition to managing costs, sellers with market power need to manage their demand through price, advertising, and policy toward competitors. 9. Imperfect Market.(a) Imperfect market where one party directly conveys a benefit or cost to others, or where one party has break away information than others. (b) The challenge is to resolve the imperfection and be cost-effective. (c) Imperfections can also arise within an organization, and hence, another issue in managerial economics is how to structure incentives and organizations. 10. Local vis a vis global markets.(a) Local markets owing to relatively high costs of communication and trade, some markets are local, e.g., housing, groceries. The price in one local market is independent of prices in other local markets.4Chapter 1 Introduction to Managerial Economics(b) Global markets owing to relatively low costs of communication and trade, some markets are global, e.g., mining, shipping, financial services. The price of an item with a global market in one place will blend together with the pries elsewhere.(c) Whether a market is local or global, the same managerial economic principles apply.(d) Note Falling costs of communication and trade are do more markets to be more integrated across geographical border enabling the opportunity to sell in new markets as well as global sourcing. Foreign sources may provide cheaper skilled labor, specialized resources, or superior quality, resulting in lower production costs and/or improved quality.ANSWERS TO reach CHECKS1A. The managerial economics of the new eco nomy is much the same as that of the old economy with two aspects being more important network effects in demand and scale and scope economies.1B. Vertical boundaries delineate activities closer to or further from the end user. Horizontal boundaries define the scale and scope of operations. ANSWERS TO follow QUESTIONS1. Marketing over the Internet is a scaleable activity. Delivery through UPS is somewhat scaleable UPS already incurs the fixed cost of an international collection and distribution network it may be willing to give Amazon bulk discounts for larger volumes of business.2. Number of cars in service January 2002 + production + imports exports scrappage during 2002 = Number of cars in service January 2003. Number of cars in service is stock other variables are flows.3. omitted.4. No, models must be less than completely realistic to be useful. 5. (a) Average price per minute = (210 + 120 x 4)/5 = 138 yen per minute. (b) Price of marginal minute = 120 yen.6. (a) Flow (b) S tock (c) Stock.5Chapter 1 Introduction to Managerial Economics7. (a) The electricity market includes buyers and sellers. (b) industry consists of sellers only.Theelectricity8. (a) False. (b) False.9. omitted.10. If there are scale economies, the organization could product at a lower cost on a larger scale, which means wider horizontal boundaries and vice versa. 11. Yes. Horizontal boundaries how many product categories should it sell? Vertical boundaries should it operate its own warehouses and delivery service? 12. Intel has relatively more market power.13. (b).14. Both (a) and (b).15. Competitive markets have large numbers of buyers and sellers, none of which can influence market conditions. By contrast, a buyer or seller with market power can influence market conditions. A market is imperfect if one party directly conveys benefits or costs to others, or if one party has better information than another. WORKED ANSWER TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONJupiter Car Rental offers two schemes for rental of a compact car. It claps $60 per day for an unlimited mileage plan, and $40 per day for a time-and-mileage plan with 100 free miles plus 20 cents a mile for mileage in excess of the free allowance. a. For a guest who plans to drive 50 miles, which is the cheaper plan. What are the average and marginal costs per mile of rental? (The marginal cost is the cost of an additional mile of usage.)b. For a customer who plans to drive 150 miles, which is the cheaper plan. What are the average and marginal costs per mile of rental?c. If Jupiter raises the basic charge for the time-and-mileage plan to $44 per day, how would that affect the average and marginal costs for a customer who drives 50 miles?6Chapter 1 Introduction to Managerial EconomicsAnswer(a) It is helpful to sketch the total rental cost as a function of the mileage (see figure below). The breakeven between the two plans is at 200 miles per day. For 50 miles, the time-and-mileage plan is cheaper. Average cost = $40/50 = 80 cents per mile. Marginal cost = 0.Total cost ($)time-and-mileage planunlimited mileage plan$60$400100200measure (miles per day)(b) For the 150 mile customer, the time-and-mileage plan is still cheaper. Average cost = $(40 + 0.2 x 50)/150 = 33 cents per mile marginal cost = 20 cents per mile.(c) After the increase in the basic charge, the average cost = $(44 + 0.2 x 50)/150 = 36 cents per mile, while marginal cost = 20 cents per mile. The increase in the basic charge doesnt affect the marginal cost.7

Theories of Female Victimisation

Theories of Female VictimisationIn to mean solar days society crime is a constant. People that ar swell have a go at it, to muckle that no one has ever heard of glow victim to felon activity on a daily basis. in that location has to be a reason why these things happen so often. Victim precipitation surmisal holds that the victim is the contri anding fact of their victimization. Wowork force, especially, digest profess themselves available to criminals and kindle effortlessly become easy tar give rises. In a sense, every victim contri savees to their own victimization in one way or another(prenominal).Crime is very unmingled in our prevalent lives. It awaits as though the average Ameri earth-closet ignorenot go a day with pop out hearing about another atrocious crime that has happened in their companionship. According to the US De leave handst of Justice, Criminal Justice Information Services Division, violent crimes accounted for 1,254,358 of the crimes set upted in 2009. There be musical compositiony variant types of offenses that can be classified as a crime. The FBI, in its annual Crime in the United States report, publishes data for serious crimes in the Crime Index. The Index includes murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. All of these crimes happen frequently to Americans, some reports show that some even happen on a minute to minute basis.Victims of crimes argon those that argon affected by the outcome of a crime that has been committed these can include the immemorial victim, the secondary victims, and related victims. A whole community can be affected by honorable one crime. It is very plebeian to know someone who has been the victim of a crime, especially in todays society. galore(postnominal) people may buzz off empathy for these people and often speculate how something like this could restrain happened to a person, as many victims wonder the same thing.A primary victim is someone within the range of foreseeable physical injury, typically a participant in the accident damages are recoverable for psychiatric injury as for physical injury, even if no physical injury has occurred. Secondary victims are those outside the range of foreseeable physical injury, such as witnesses or relatives of the accident victims. A related victim is a person who is a close family member, or a dependant, of a primary victim who has died as a direct result of an act of violence be committed against them. (www. only whenice.qld.gov) As you can see, when an offender commits a crime against one person, the primary victim, it can lead to domino effect. There can many victims for one crime.There are many theories on why crimes happen and why people fall victim to them. Some think that beingness victimized is save a matter of opportunity, that particular person that became a victim to a crime was just in the persecute push through at the wrong snip. Shouldnt pe ople this day in age be smart enough to where the wrong place is and what the wrong time is? Some people theorize just that. People should know the difference in right and wrong, and they should use their brains as to decide the difference. One speculation that upholds these opinions is the victim precipitation theory. As in, the victim participated, in some way, to their own victimization. Victim precipitation theory views victimology from the standpoint that the victim themselves may actually initiate, either passively or actively, the criminal act that ultimately leads to death or injury. (www.associatedcontent.com) If a victim passively initiates in their own victimization, they unknowingly do so. On the other hand, if a victim has an active role in their victimization, they might bemuse consciously made the decision to do by either agitative or instigating the crime that occurred. Either way, the victim precipitation theory blames the victim for their role in their victimiza tion.Job promotions, job status, successes, love interests, and the like are examples of these unconscious behaviors and characteristics of passive precipitation. Additionally, political activists, minority groups, those of different sexual orientations, and other individuals pursuing alternate lifestyles may also find themselves as targets of violence cod to the inadvertent threat they pose to accredited individuals of power. Active victimization occurs under this theory through the threatening or provocative actions of the victim. One of the approximately controversial points of this theory is the idea that women who are raped actively contributed in some way, either through provocative invest, a relationship, or suggested consent of intimacy. Because of this viewpoint it is hard to censure an accused rapist who has had some form of relationship with the accused, or one that was behaving provocatively or suggestively. (www.associatedcontent.com)Generally speaking, there are two victims of crime men and women. Some people still view women as the inferior sex, even in the 21st century. Even though men and women are both nonimmune to crime, women are 8 to 10 times much likely to fall victim to rape and spousal evil. A select few still grok women as weak and not having the ability to think for themselves. Let every Man (in particular) be asked his thoughts of women and he will tell you without doubt, that they were not made but for man they are fit for nothing, but to nurse and breed little children in their low age and to mind the house. (www.users.muohio.edu) Men, on the other hand, are considered to be the protectors of their home and are the ones that excite the education to speak openly. Many times this can be a reason to why some men commit crimes against women a male offender may say that a woman was out of place by speaking her mind, or doing other things that may seem normal to other people in todays society, so he felt that he had to do som ething about it. Even though these views seem dated, there are still many men, and women, that think this way.Because of the way that women are viewed it can make them an easy target for some offenders. Many rapists still believe that women should deviate to a man, when he wants her to, and fear him for the things that he may do to her is she does give in easily. Men rapist usually stick out the need to punish, humiliate, dominate, overpower, and control their victim. Most of the time a rapist does not see their action as them doing anything wrong, and they do not even consider the feelings of their victim. Women are also more susceptible to scams than men are. People often use emotions to their advantage when they are trying to con someone, be it for money or a place to live. Women are known to be emotional beings because they are made to produce children and be motherly. People all over America, and neighboring countries, use email scams, mail fraud, or even just random telephon e cons in order to receive money and other goods and services.An email scam can be randomized and sent out in to multiple inboxes at one time. People from other countries can collect email addresses from sites in which people sign up for updates about their favorite cookbooks or even pornographic websites. Either way, these scams can create dangerous situations. There is a scam known as the Grandparent Scam. This scam entails someone choosing a function out of the phonebook and if an elderly woman answers the person on the other end simply says, Grandma, is that you?, when the woman answers yes, the scam begins. The person basically tells their grandmother that they have gotten into some kind of trouble and are in need of money and asks her to Western Union the money to them. Without a question the grandmother sends the person the communicate funds and doesnt even realized that they have been conned. Who wouldnt help their grandchild that was in need? Feelings are often used again st women in this all of the time. Without delay a most women would help a person in need because it seemed like the right thing to do, and before their very eyes, that have fallen victim to another scam. usurpation that occurs on dates or between people who know each other should not be seen as some sort of misguided sexual seek Rape is violence, not seduction. In stranger rape and acquaintance rape, the aggressor makes a decision to force his victim to submit to what he wants. The rapist believes he is entitled to force sexual intercourse from a woman and he sees interpersonal violence (be it simply holding the woman down with his body or brandishing a gun) as an acceptable way to achieve his goal. (Warshaw, 1988, pg.20) In 2005, 1,181 women were murdered by an intimate partner. Thats an average of three women every day. Of all the women murdered in the U.S., about one-third were killed by an intimate partner. (www.ojp.usdoj.gov) One- third of women killed in 2005 actually knew th eir attackers, which is an alarming judge. Victim precipitation theory holds that some women are subjected to this violence because they have brought it upon themselves. A mixture of body image, the way a women dresses, where a women hangs out, and the company that she keeps can attribute to her own victimization.Dissatisfaction with ones physical appearance can lead to a negative body image. (Lankford, 2010, pg.13) A womans negative perception of herself-importance can lead to her to making poor life decisions. How a woman perceives herself can affect her everyday life, such as, her career, family life, and finances. Women that do not think naughtyly of themselves tend to think that they do not deserve to be truly happy. Having a low self-pride can cause a person to become depressed. Depression can lead to a number of self mutilating problems, such as, drug use, alcoholism, and eating disorders. (Wolff, 1999, pg.18) If a woman thinks that she may neer be able to find a husband, lad, or partner she may become licentious. Some of these women may think that if a man takes them out or was nice to them, that they are obliged to say yes to sex afterwards. Women with this condition may become an easy target, and they may even submit to an attacker.The way a woman dresses can contribute to the type of lifestyle that they live. We, as a society, know how many different people in different professions dress. A police man wear a blue uniform, a person in the military wears BDUs, and a prostitute wears a short dress and a low cut shirt. The way women dress is routinely cited as an encouragement to rape the argument is that if a woman is dressed a certain way, past they were asking, or even inviting, a potential rapist to attack them. References to sheer and clinging fabrics, low-slung jeans and low-cut tops, bare midriffs, short skirts and liberally applied make-up are common in the context of rape trials. (www.thisisnotaninvitationtorapeme.co.uk) A common confide nce is that if a woman wears revealing clothing they are considered to be either a whore or a prostitute. Prostitution is illegal in all states, but one, in the United States. About 80% of women in prostitution have been the victim of a rape. Prostitutes are raped, on the average, eight to ten times per year. They are the most raped class of women in the history of our planet. ( Hunter and Reed, 1990)Where a person lives can say a lot about them. If a person lives in project housing then we know that they are financially stable, if a person lives in a big house in a great(p) neighborhood then we know that they have the resources to do so. statistically speaking, the crime rate is high in depress income neighborhoods than it would be in higher income neighborhoods. In theory, individuals are targeted based on their lifestyle choices which expose them to criminal offenders and situations in which crimes may be committed. If a woman lives in a lower income neighborhood or in known t o venture in these types of places, they are subjecting themselves to become a victim of crime. The correlation between victims and the perpetrators of crimes is that they both exhibit impulsive and antisocial-like behaviors. These behaviors may contribute to their victimization since they cause the individual to put themselves at risk more so then more conservative lifestyle counterparts. (www.associatedcontent.com) In a nutshell, if a neighborhood is deviant, the only way to lower a persons risk of victimization is for them to take leave the neighborhood for a less deviant, low crime rate area.Drug use is more common in lower income neighborhoods. People who use drugs put themselves in dangerous situations every day. People who commit crimes, as drug use and distribution is a crime, are more abandoned to become victims because they are compound in precarious conditions. Those who choose high-risk lifestyles which include taking drugs, drinking, and participating in criminal act ivities run a much higher risk of becoming victims. (www.associatedcontent.com) If a woman is a drug runner, or is just purchasing drugs for personal use, she may be involved in situations where other women are being prostituted out. If a woman gets desperate enough, then she may start doing the same thing in order to get money to purchase more drugs. Women are much more frequently involved in prostitution to fund drugs habits than men. What exacerbates the danger to these women is the powerlessness they survive due to their intense need for drugs and severe poverty. Because many men seek out dangerous sexual services from drug- addicted prostitutes, they are at a great risk. (Egendorf, 2003, pg.98)The factors previously mentioned are palpable. Most of the time the average person can identify a prostitute or a continuous drug user, but what about women that contribute to their own victimization in less obvious ways? Women who stay in violent relationships, their sexual orientation, walking down a street at night by themselves, or just being simply in like manner nice are way a woman can contribute to being victimized and they do not even know that they are doing so. Woman need to prepare themselves for being victimized if they are making themselves an easy target.Women who stay in violent relationships, be it with a man or a women, contribute to their own victimization every day that they are with their abusive partner. Relationship abuse can include, but is not limited to, physical, mental, verbal, and emotional abuse. Some women may not even recognize that they are being abused at the time it is occurring. A woman may assume that they cannot do any better than the person they are with, and that it why they continue to be in a relationship with them, this can stem back to having self-esteem and being depressed about ones self. It is sad to know that most women cannot get out abuse relationships until it is too late for them to do so. There is a rising numbe r of women being abused to a point to where they end up being murdered, and most of the time it is by an intimate partner.Physical abuse is defined as any behavior that inflicts harm on a person. (White, 2001, pg.14) Physical abuse can include hitting, shoving, biting, throwing objects at a person to inflict harm, and even sexual abuse. Every year, domestic violence results in or so 100,000 days of hospitalizations, almost 30,000 emergency department visits, and almost 40,000 visits to a physician. (American Medical Association, 1991) cozy abuse can fall under many different categories at one time, such as physical and mental abuse. An abuser can make a woman feel that it is their duty to have sex with their husband or boyfriend by saying If you loved me you would, if the abuser makes a woman think that he will not love her if she does not provide him with sexual favors, then he is sexually and mentally abusing her.Mental and emotional abuse go hand in hand. Mental abuse is someti mes referred to as psychological or emotional abuse. Mental abuse is the intentional infliction of anguish, degradation, fear, or distress. Mental and emotional abuse can be used to brainwash someone into view that they are wrong if they leave an abuser. A mental abuser can be very distant from their partner at times, but if the woman decides to leave them, then they become very distraught with loving emotions. A woman may feel as if they are walking on egg shells well-nigh their partner, because they do not want them to become upset and argue with them. Fear is not part of a loving relationship, but it is a vital part of a mentally abusive relationship. It enables the abuser to maintain control over a woman. (http//ezinearticles.com)A woman who stays in a violent relationship can actually set themselves up for more victimization if their children are witnessing the abuse. Children who enkindle seeing a man abuse their mother will get up up and think that this type of treatment i s acceptable. If the mother does eventually remove herself and her children from an abusive relationship, the abuse could continue to live through her children. Children who grow up in violent homes are at higher risk for substance abuse and juvenile delinquency, bear emotional scars, as well as feelings of insecurity, guilt, and isolation, often experience difficulties in school such as inattentiveness, learning disabilities, and stress-related physical problems, fail to develop the experience they need to enter into healthy relationships as adults, and often grow up with low self-esteem and become easy victims of verbal and physical abuse. (www.heartlyhouse.org)Although we are now in the 21st century, it is still common to find people who do not agree with sexual orientations other than heterosexual relationships. People that participate in same sex relationships are at a higher risk for having hate crimes and hostility committed against them. There are people in America that suff er from homophobia and heterosexism. Homophobia is the unreasonable fear or disdain from of homosexuals and/or homosexuality. At its most extreme, homophobia is expressed through physical violence, including rape and murder. Heterosexism is the assumption that heterosexuality is the only form of sexual identity and family life. Although less stigmatizing than overt homophobia, the assumption of heterosexuality can alienate lesbians in mainstream institutions, including health care settings. (Liebschutz, 2003, pg.238)Yet another way that a woman can increase her chances of becoming a victim is not reporting a crime or violent act. Some women seem to be embarrassed that they were victimized in the first place, so they fail to report a crime that has occurred. When a woman does not report a crime that has been committed against her she increases her chances of being victimized again, she also leaves the gate opened for another woman to be victimized. Since there was no reason to detai n the criminal that committed the act, that person is still roaming free to commit another a horrendous crime and the abutting time it may be the initial victims neighbor, friend, or even her own daughter.A woman that is nave to situations in todays society can also put herself at a higher risk of becoming victimized. It is obvious that more and more people in this day in age are becoming victims of crime. If a woman were to walk down a low lit at night, by herself, in an sullen neighborhood there is no telling what gang or rapist might see her, or what they might do to her. Woman who make it common knowledge that they live by themselves are also at a higher risk. Situations like this happen all of the time, which is one of the reasons why crime rate is so high in certain parts of the United States. Woman are victimized, in this case, by just being in the wrong place at the wrong time. If a woman were to tell a stranger that she lives by herself, then that stranger could easily fo llow her home and victimize her. It is that simple. Women have to take certain defensive precautions in order to not become a victim.There are cases where a person can be too nice. In todays society people tend to lose sight of morals to use to be upheld. There are more scams and cons than ever. A woman could just think that they are beginning nice to a stranger and not even know that person is really a rapist or murderer. There is a difference in being nice and being too nice. People tend to take advantage of people that do not have the ability to say no. If a woman works all day long and picks up her co-workers slack, and then comes home and complains that she is wore out, whose fault is it really? existence too nice, or vulnerable, can sometimes stab a woman in their back. Although it is nice to see a friendly face, a woman should never invite a stranger to come to her home where she lives by herself. This is one of the reasons that more and more people are becoming reluctant to help someone, because a person can never know what a stranger, or even someone they know, is capable of behind closed doors.The biggest way a woman can contribute to their own victimization is to think that it will not happen to them. Women who feel that they will never be attacked are the ones that get raped, kidnapped, murdered, or burglarized. The error that they make is not being prepared. Violent crimes happen to normal people every day. Why should it not happen to the girl next door, or the woman from two towns over? To offenders, they are all the same. Offenders do not care if the woman they are attacking is a mother, sister, or wife. This might even make them feel as if that particular woman is more classic and they have a more valuable thing to take away from someone. Women need to be educated to become more sufficient in protecting themselves. A way that a woman can prevent serious victimization is to ceaselessly be prepared. In todays society a person can never know w hat is lurking around the next corner waiting to pounce on their next victim that will fall prey. When a woman is too arrogant about criminal activity, they make themselves an easy target.Some other ways that a woman could protect herself from becoming a victim is having the knowledge to know the different types of offenders. Some offenders victimize people out or pure self satisfaction, others offend in order to provide for their families. Multiple offenders have the knowledge to know how to get the act committed, since they have not been caught thus far, they think that they know what they are doing and how to get away with it. On the other hand, first time offenders could be easier to negotiate with and may easily feel sorry for their victims.When a man approaches a woman in a dimly lit parking lot and asks for her keys and her wallet, the best thing that woman can do cooperate with that person. If a woman was being robbed at gun point and did cooperate with the person committing the offense, then that person could easily shot the woman and take what they want. The most important thing is that a woman educates herself with the knowledge of know when to fight and when to do as the offender asks. Staying calm can produce better results for these types of situations. No genuine possession is worse losing their life for. Along with emotional, woman tend to materialistic. If approached by a stranger that asked for her jewelry, a woman might hesitate. Even the ring that her great-great-grandmother gave her would not be an acceptable reason to lose her life.The mental capacity of an offender can have an effect on how they will respond to ways their victim reacts to their actions. If a person holds the mental capacity of a 3rd grader they are liable to respond in different ways than an offender with a high I.Q. would. The problem with offenders with low mental capacities is that they could easily commit an offense because they do not know any better. Knowing the d ifferent situations that woman could find herself in, could be the difference in her surviving victimization. Knowledge is power to women that have no choice but to live in lower income neighborhoods that are surrounded by frequent drug use and violent crimes.The victim precipitation theory upholds that it is the victims fault that they became victimized in the first place. From a woman wearing a low cut shirt to a woman walking down a street late at night by herself, there is a reason that woman was victimized from the start. A woman can knowingly or passively contribute to her own victimization. Bad life decisions, staying in a violent relationship, and even a womans sexual orientation can contribute to her victimization. Criminals seek out women who make easy targets. Prostitutes and drug users are more prone to get raped and used for sexual favors. Women who make themselves available to crime are more likely to be victims of crime. Women should use common knowledge in order to s tay safe and protect themselves. Overall, crime is a rising scenario in todays society. Crime can happen to an everyday average person in the blink of an eye. There are ways to prevent becoming victimized.SourcesSusan Kay Hunter and K.C. 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